Bitcoin conf example

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To use bitcoind and bitcoin-cli , you will need to add a RPC password to your bitcoin. Both programs will read from the same file if both run on the same system as the same user, so any long random password will work:. You should also make the bitcoin. On Linux, Mac OSX, and other Unix-like systems, this can be accomplished by running the following command in the Bitcoin application directory:.

Errors or suggestions related to documentation on this site can be submitted as an issue or posted to the bitcoin-documentation mailing list. If you hover your mouse over a paragraph, cross-reference links will be shown in blue. If you hover over a cross-reference link, a brief definition of the term will be displayed in a tooltip. Bitcoin Core provides testing tools designed to let developers test their applications with reduced risks and limitations. Testnet also relaxes some restrictions such as standard transaction checks so you can test functions which might currently be disabled by default on mainnet.

Many developers consider regtest mode the preferred way to develop new applications. The following example will let you create a regtest environment after you first configure bitcoind. Start bitcoind in regtest mode to create a private block chain. Generate blocks using a special RPC which is only available in regtest mode.

This takes less than a second on a generic PC. Unlike mainnet , in regtest mode only the first blocks pay a reward of 50 bitcoins. However, a block must have confirmations before that reward can be spent, so we generate blocks to get access to the coinbase transaction from block 1.

Verify that we now have 50 bitcoins available to spend. Regtest wallets and block chain state chainstate are saved in the regtest subdirectory of the Bitcoin Core configuration directory. You can safely delete the regtest subdirectory and restart Bitcoin Core to start a new regtest.

See the Developer Examples Introduction for default configuration directory locations on various operating systems. Always back up mainnet wallets before performing dangerous operations such as deleting. Creating transactions is something most Bitcoin applications do. Your applications may use something besides Bitcoin Core to create transactions, but in any system, you will need to provide the same kinds of data to create transactions with the same attributes as those described below.

In order to use this tutorial, you will need to setup Bitcoin Core and create a regression test mode environment with 50 BTC in your test wallet. Bitcoin Core provides several RPCs which handle all the details of spending, including creating change outputs and paying appropriate fees. Even advanced users should use these RPCs whenever possible to decrease the chance that satoshis will be lost by mistake. Send 10 bitcoins to the address using the sendtoaddress RPC. The returned hex string is the transaction identifier txid.

In this case, it withdrew the satoshis from our only available UTXO , the coinbase transaction for block 1 which matured with the creation of block The first UTXO shown is a change output that sendtoaddress created using a new address from the key pool.

The second UTXO shown is the spend to the address we provided. If we had spent those satoshis to someone else, that second transaction would not be displayed in our list of UTXOs. Create a new block to confirm the transaction above takes less than a second and clear the shell variable. The raw transaction RPCs allow users to create custom transactions and delay broadcasting those transactions. However, mistakes made in raw transactions may not be detected by Bitcoin Core, and a number of raw transaction users have permanently lost large numbers of satoshis , so please be careful using raw transactions on mainnet.

This subsection covers one of the simplest possible raw transactions. Re-run listunspent. We now have three UTXOs : the two transactions we created before plus the coinbase transaction from block 2. We save the txid and output index number vout of that coinbase UTXO to shell variables.

Get a new address to use in the raw transaction. Using two arguments to the createrawtransaction RPC , we create a new raw format transaction. The first argument a JSON array references the txid of the coinbase transaction from block 2 and the index number 0 of the output from that transaction we want to spend. The second argument a JSON object creates the output with the address public key hash and number of bitcoins we want to transfer.

We save the resulting raw format transaction to a shell variable. Warning: createrawtransaction does not automatically create change outputs , so you can easily accidentally pay a large transaction fee. In this example, our input had See the Complex Raw Transaction subsection below for how to create a transaction with multiple outputs so you can send the change back to yourself. Use the decoderawtransaction RPC to see exactly what the transaction we just created does.

Send the signed transaction to the connected node using the sendrawtransaction RPC. Generate a block to confirm the transaction and clear our shell variables. For our two inputs , we select two UTXOs by placing the txid and output index numbers vouts in shell variables. We also save the addresses corresponding to the public keys hashed or unhashed used in those transactions. We need the addresses so we can get the corresponding private keys from our wallet. We need the private keys so we can sign each of the inputs separately.

Warning: Users should never manually manage private keys on mainnet. As dangerous as raw transactions are see warnings above , making a mistake with a private key can be much worse—as in the case of a HD wallet cross-generational key compromise. These examples are to help you learn, not for you to emulate on mainnet.

For our two outputs , get two new addresses. Create the raw transaction using createrawtransaction much the same as before, except now we have two inputs and two outputs. Signing the raw transaction with signrawtransaction gets more complicated as we now have three arguments:. The unsigned raw transaction. An empty array. The private key we want to use to sign one of the inputs.

We save the incomplete, partly-signed raw transaction hex to a shell variable. To sign the second input , we repeat the process we used to sign the first input using the second private key. Now that both inputs are signed, the complete result is true. Clean up the shell variables used.

This will allow us to illustrate in the Offline Signing subsection below how to spend a transaction which is not yet in the block chain or memory pool. We will now spend the transaction created in the Complex Raw Transaction subsection above without sending it to the local node first. This is the same basic process used by wallet programs for offline signing—which generally means signing a transaction without access to the current UTXO set. Offline signing is safe.

However, in this example we will also be spending an output which is not part of the block chain because the transaction containing it has never been broadcast. That can be unsafe:. Warning: Transactions which spend outputs from unconfirmed transactions are vulnerable to transaction malleability. Be sure to read about transaction malleability and adopt good practices before spending unconfirmed transactions on mainnet.

Decode the signed raw transaction so we can get its txid. Get a new address to spend the satoshis to. Attempt to sign the raw transaction without any special arguments, the way we successfully signed the the raw transaction in the Simple Raw Transaction subsection. As illustrated above, the data that gets signed includes the txid and vout from the previous transaction. That information is included in the createrawtransaction raw transaction.

In the other raw transaction subsections above, the previous output was part of the UTXO set known to the wallet , so the wallet was able to use the txid and output index number to find the previous pubkey script and insert it automatically. Successfully sign the transaction by providing the previous pubkey script and other required input data. This specific operation is typically what offline signing wallets do. The online wallet creates the raw transaction and gets the previous pubkey scripts for all the inputs.

The user brings this information to the offline wallet. After displaying the transaction details to the user, the offline wallet signs the transaction as we did above. The user takes the signed transaction back to the online wallet , which broadcasts it. The node rejects this attempt because the second transaction spends an output which is not a UTXO the node knows about. Broadcast the first transaction, which succeeds, and then broadcast the second transaction—which also now succeeds because the node now sees the UTXO.

We have once again not generated an additional block , so the transactions above have not yet become part of the regtest block chain. In this subsection, we will create a P2SH multisig address , spend satoshis to it, and then spend those satoshis from it to another address. Creating a multisig address is easy. Multisig outputs have two parameters, the minimum number of signatures required m and the number of public keys to use to validate those signatures. Generate three new P2PKH addresses.

P2PKH addresses cannot be used with the multisig redeem script created below. Hashing each public key is unnecessary anyway—all the public keys are protected by a hash when the redeem script is hashed. However, Bitcoin Core uses addresses as a way to reference the underlying full unhashed public keys it knows about, so we get the three new addresses above in order to use their public keys.

Recall from the Guide that the hashed public keys used in addresses obfuscate the full public key , so you cannot give an address to another person or device as part of creating a typical multisig output or P2SH multisig redeem script. You must give them a full public key. Use the validateaddress RPC to display the full unhashed public key for one of the addresses. This is the information which will actually be included in the multisig redeem script. This is also the information you would give another person or device as part of creating a multisig output or P2SH multisig redeem script.

We save the address returned to a shell variable. Use the createmultisig RPC with two arguments, the number n of signatures required and a list of addresses or public keys. In this case, we provide two addresses and one public key —all of which will be converted to public keys in the redeem script. The P2SH address is returned along with the redeem script which must be provided when we spend satoshis sent to the P2SH address. You need the redeem script to spend any bitcoins sent to the P2SH address.

If you lose the redeem script , you can recreate it by running the same command above, with the public keys listed in the same order. However, if you lose both the redeem script and even one of the public keys , you will never be able to spend satoshis sent to that P2SH address. The Bitcoin reference software is not in the Ubuntu software packages repository, we therefore add the Bitcoin Personal Package Archive PPA to your system before installing the daemon:.

Create the configuration directory and an empty configuration file and also adjust access rights:. We need a password for remote procedure calls to daemon. The program will create it automatically if started without finding one:. The long random string displayed is the generated RPC password we need to add to the configuration. The Bitcoin project recommends running the daemon as Upstart service in Ubuntu and prepared an Upstart script for bitcoind.

When started for the first time, bitcoind will search for peers and start to download and process the blockchain. Depending on many factors like Internet connection bandwidth, disk speed, amount of RAM and CPU speed, it can take several hours or even days days until bitcoind has fully loaded and processed the blockchain. To see if your node is known and reachable in the Bitcoin network got check the Bitnodes website. However no details will showed except if for the fact that the node is accepting connections or not.

In case of data loss on a node, other nodes are equally usable and any node can re-download an re-process the blockchain at any time. Roll Your Own Network. If the file does not exist, create it with owner-readable-only file permissions. Note Depending on many factors like Internet connection bandwidth, disk speed, amount of RAM and CPU speed, it can take several hours or even days days until bitcoind has fully loaded and processed the blockchain.

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